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Precarious Work & Self-Entrepreneurship

Critique of Ideology & Political Economy · 22 concepts · 63 talks · 88.6 hours · 2006–2025

The ideological operation by which precarious labour (short-term contracts, instability) is sold to workers as a new form of creative freedom and self-reinvention, masking domination as liberation.

2006: 1 talk 2008: 1 talk 2009: 8 talks 2010: 3 talks 2011: 1 talk 2012: 3 talks 2013: 1 talk 2014: 4 talks 2015: 6 talks 2016: 3 talks 2017: 2 talks 2018: 3 talks 2019: 2 talks 2020: 1 talk 2021: 3 talks 2022: 8 talks 2023: 2 talks 2024: 6 talks 2025: 4 talks
≤2000talks carrying this idea, per year2026

In his words 4

“The very condition of your strengthened exploitation, you experience it as more freedom.”
32:32 Syriza – A New Word for Freedom · precarious work as ideological freedom
“actual unfreedom is often presented to us as a new form of freedom.”
23:40 Was will Europa? · ideology of self-entrepreneurship and precarity
“Isn't this isn't this very sad that what is the symbol of workers' resistance, a strike, becomes a privilege.”
28:43 Hegel and Hardcore Pornography · strike as privilege under precarious capitalism

The stories that teach it

the jokes and anecdotes he reaches for when he works in this idea, ranked by how many of its talks they turn up in; each card is one story, with every retelling on its page

example · in 6 of its talks

Bill Gates as rent-extractor from general intellect

Gates became the world's richest person not through standard Marxist exploitation of workers (who are actually better paid than average) but by charging rent for access to the digital space, the internet commons, that we all share.

example · in 5 of its talks

Afghanistan: from secular to fundamentalist

Thirty to forty years ago Afghanistan was the most secular and tolerant Muslim country in the region; US intervention against the Soviet-backed government, by supporting the mujahideen, produced the Taliban, demonstrating that fundamentalization is the product of globalization…

anecdote · in 5 of its talks

Apartheid justified in multiculturalist terms

South African apartheid ideologists justified racial segregation by claiming it preserved precious local cultures (Hottentots, Bushmen), Žižek uses this to show that multiculturalism can serve racism.

example · in 5 of its talks

Postmodern permissive father and grandmother visit

The old-fashioned authoritarian father says 'you must visit grandmother'; the tolerant post-modern father says 'only go if you really want to', which secretly contains the stronger command 'you must go AND you must want to go'.

example · in 5 of its talks

Malcolm X and the loss of roots as emancipatory starting point

Malcolm X (the X standing for lost African roots) refused the game of searching for original African identity (à la Roots) and instead proposed using the dispossession of roots as a chance to build a new, freer universality, which is why he became a Muslim (the Umma as communi…

example · in 4 of its talks

Toms Shoes 1-for-1 formula

For every pair of shoes you buy, another pair goes to a child in need, the formula lets consumerism present itself as philanthropy, so the more you consume the more virtuous you are.

Where it comes up 62

75 moments located in the transcripts, click a timestamp to play from there

38:30 precarious work
… you can see this appearance in the mode of work, precarious work, which is getting more and more important.
~38:10 self-entrepreneurship
ideology enters, i claim. in what sense? ideology. uh in the sense that the trick is that your very form of unfreedom is presented to you as a new freedom. you can see this appearance in the mode of work, precarious work, which is getting …
Modern How-To Guide2015-05-05 · 1:23:04
38:26 precarious work
… You can see this curious in the the the mode of work, precarious work, which is getting more and more important.
~38:09 self-entrepreneurship
claim. In what sense ideology? Uh in the sense that uh the trick is that your very form of unfreedom is presented to you as a new freedom. You can see this curious in the the the mode of work, precarious work, which is getting …
28:19 precarious work
… Do you also use this term like we do in Europe here: precarious work? You know, you don't get a long-term contract and so on and so on.
31:34 self-entrepreneurship
… You are no longer just a cog in a complex enterprise but as they say an entrepreneur of the self.
1:09:43 precarious work
… ployed but unemployable no no no this when you precarious precarious yes the idea you know why is this as I've written sorry for boring you precarious work is for me an absolutely ideal form of this new stage that we are entering why because its basic ideology is this one first it enables us to …
~1:59:26 Berufung/vocation
psychoanalytic but people don't have don't really want to be happy I think one of the greatest stupidities of all humanity is this first line or second of the American what was it constitution or proclamation pursuit of happiness isn't all human history a pursuit …
7:10 precarious work
… Now with precarious work and all those more creative small companies, you have something much worse.
11:06 petty bourgeoisification
… h the petty bourgeois? They've always been, I mean and you would say that they're small capitalists, these Uber drivers, it's a new kind of petty bourgeoisification because they're operating underneath Uber.
9:10 pure mediators
… Because you know how Uber justifies itself? They say, sorry, we are not capitalists, we are just pure mediators.

The company it keeps

thought with
alongside works

Nearest in meaning

Concepts in this idea 22

17
precarious work
The ideological operation by which precarious labour (short-term contracts, instability) is sold to workers as a new form of creative freedom and self-reinvention, masking domination as liberation.
13
self-entrepreneurship
The postmodern ideological figure of the worker who is presented as a small capitalist freely managing his credit and choices, masking the coercive structure that limits those choices.
7
new spirit of capitalism
Referencing Boltanski, Žižek argues that May 1968 provided a new cultural logic of self-realization that capitalism absorbed, making consumer identity and ethical purchase part of its operation.
5
basic income
Philippe Van Parijs's proposal for a universal citizen's income regardless of work, Žižek takes it seriously as the only coherent global leftist economic model but criticizes it for reviving nation-state logic and placing workers in a 'sandwich' of exploitation from above and below.
4
anarcho-capitalism
The 'de facto anarchism' of current global capitalism, characterized by the end of the welfare state and generalized 'uberization' of life.
4
transgressive model
Foucault’s theoretical framework which Žižek claims fails to account for the fact that in late capitalism, the transgression is already institutionalized.
4
Berufung/vocation
Protestant concept deployed materialistically by Žižek: relative happiness requires finding a calling, something more than pleasure, something that defines who you are, whether helping others, creating, or passionate love.
3
compulsion to achieve
Byung-Chul Han's concept (Leistungszwang) cited by Žižek to explain why pandemic fatigue is worse in Western societies: subjects are permanently compelled to self-produce and self-display, intensified rather than relieved by lockdown and Zoom.